Zdrobneniny alias diminutives sú slová, ktoré sa používajú väčšinou v hovorovom štýle a vyjadrujú, že niečo je malé alebo milé, napr. mummy, kitty, selfie.
Tvorenie zdrobnenín
V angličtine sa zdrobneniny tvoria najčastejšie:
1) príponou – y, -ie
- mummy/mommy, daddy, kitty, puppy
- doggie, cookie
2) príponou – let
- book > booklet, drop > droplet
3) príponou – ling
- dear > darling, duck > duckling
4) príponou -et(te)
- cigar > cigarette, kitchen > kitchenette
5) použitím slov mini, little, tiny
- minibus, miniskirt, minivan, little boy, little butteefly, tiny house
Tvorenie zdrobnenín pri menách
Pri menách sa pridáva -y, -ie, napr.:
- Alison > Aly, Ally, Allie
- Andrew > Andy
- Angelina > Angie
- Anthony > Tony
- Arnold > Arnie
- Benjamin > Benny
- Charles > Charlie
- Daniel > Danny
- David > Dave, Davey
- Deborah > Debbie
- Dolores > Dolly
- Dorothy > Dotty
- Eduard > Eddie, Eddy
- Elizabeth > Lizzy (Liza, Libb, Lisbeth, Beth)
- Henry > Harry
- James > Jimmy, Jamie
- Jennifer > Jenny
- John > Johny (Jack, Jake)
- Joseph > Joe, Joey
- Kathryn > Kate, Katie
- Lucas > Luky
- Margaret > Meggy, Megan (Rita, Greta)
- Penelope > Penny
- Robert > Robbie / Bobbie
- Samuel / Samantha > Sammy
- Sarah > Sally
- Susan > Suzie
- Thomas > Tommy
- Timothy > Timmy
- Victoria > Vicky
- William > Billy, Willy
Pri dospelých sa pri familiárnom oslovení mená skracujú, napr.:
- Benjamin > Ben
- Charlie > Chuck
- Daniel > Dan
- Deborah > Deb
- Elizabeth > Liz
- Emily > Emy
- Gilbert (Robert, Herbert, Hubert, , Norbert, Berthold, Humbert, Dagobert, Gerbert, Lambert, etc.) > Bert
- James > Jim
- Jennifer > Jen
- Margaret > Meg
- Nicolas > Nick
- Pamela > Pam
- Robert > Rob / Bob
- Samuel / Samantha > Sam
- Susan > Sue
- Thomas > Tom
- Timothy > Tim
- William > Bill, Will
A na záver si dáme niekoľko zdrobnenín vo vetičkách ;).
bestie = your best friend
They have been besties since primary school.
footie = football
Have you been watching the footie?
goodies and baddies = the good guys and the bad guys, often in a film, book
The goodies defend Earth against the baddies.
selfie = a photo you take of yourself
His webpage consists only of his selfies.
telly = television
There’s nothing interesting on telly this month.
tummy = stomach
Nicky has a tummy ache after eating so many cookies.
Zámená v slovenčine
